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Inside the card-grading empire shaping the price of Pokémon cards

By · Published by Everything Blog

In short

The immense premium tied to PSA labels has kept submissions flowing despite operational strains, highlighted by a backlog that sat at 7.2 million items on Oct. 20. Buyers repeatedly pay top dollar for the company's grades, evidenced by a PSA 9 1999 Base Set Charizard selling for about $3,440 compared to roughly $1,890 for an equivalent CGC 9. Parent company Collectors now commands the majority of the market by pairing PSA with other owned services like SGC and Beckett. This concentration of market power spurred a proposed class action lawsuit in April alleging illegal reductions in industry competition.

Key points

  • Sellers continually prioritize PSA authentication because its grades yield significantly…: Sellers continually prioritize PSA authentication because its grades yield significantly higher resale values than those of competing services.
  • The parent firm's acquisitions of rivals SGC and Beckett have triggered legal challenges…: The parent firm's acquisitions of rivals SGC and Beckett have triggered legal challenges over alleged reductions in market competition.
  • Intense customer demand forced PSA to suspend cheaper tiers earlier this year before reop…: Intense customer demand forced PSA to suspend cheaper tiers earlier this year before reopening its Value service on Oct. 29.

Sources checked by our analysis pipeline: 1

Collectors may have more grading options than ever, but many still turn to Professional Sports Authenticator, or PSA — even as the industry leader works through a backlog of millions of cards.

Demand for grading — an act of verifying a card’s authenticity and condition — has grown as collectors increasingly treat trading and vintage sports cards as alternative investments.

PSA reported a backlog of 7.2 million items on Oct. 20, down from 12.4 million in July. The company suspended cheaper submission services in June to ease the backlog before reopening its Value service on Oct. 29.

Even so, some sellers would rather wait for a PSA label than send their cards to a competitor, dealers told CNBC.

“It really all comes down to secondary market values,” said Geoff Wilson, founder and CEO of CardsHQ, which operates one of the world's largest sports card shops.

PSA-graded cards typically command higher prices than equivalent grades from competitors, Wilson said, giving collectors and investors an incentive to choose PSA in hopes of a stronger return.

The financial difference can be substantial.

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