The Rapid Support Forces seized the Zamzam displacement camp in April 2025 following a siege that subjected residents to famine conditions where they survived on grass, peanut shells, and mud mixed with flour. A United Nations report confirmed that more than one thousand civilians were killed in the camp, with violence specifically focused against the Zaghawa community. The assault expanded across the region through late 2025, culminating in the fall of Abu Shouk camp and an offensive in el-Fasher that killed over 6,000 people.
Key points
Displaced civilians endured extreme starvation and summary executions during targeted par…: Displaced civilians endured extreme starvation and summary executions during targeted paramilitary assaults on displacement camps.
United Nations human rights investigators determined that the actions of Rapid Support Fo…: United Nations human rights investigators determined that the actions of Rapid Support Forces fighters amount to war crimes.
The paramilitary offensive systematically spread across Darfur, resulting in mass casualt…: The paramilitary offensive systematically spread across Darfur, resulting in mass casualties in Zamzam, Abu Shouk, and el-Fasher.
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Survivors of attacks on displacement camps in Darfur recall the lives they built, and the violence that forced them to flee.
In a small house in Omdurman, Hassan Saber Jumaa, a senior administrator at the Zamzam displacement camp in Sudan, sat on a simple wooden chair. He scrolled through his phone, looking for any photograph he might have of Zamzam, which is near el-Fasher, the capital of North Darfur, and once sheltered hundreds of thousands.
He found nothing. Jumaa explained that his old phone was looted during last year’s attack by Sudan’s Rapid Support Forces on the camp. Pointing to the bare walls around him, Jumaa said that all he has left are his memories of the camp, and the people who once called it home.
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Zamzam, established in 2004, was home to generations of…
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